Geopolitics of the energy transition: between global challenges and social justice

The global shift towards sustainable energy is reshaping geopolitical dynamics, introducing new vectors of influence centred on energy geopolitics. This research examines the intersections of energy transition strategies, environmental justice, and shifts in international power relations, focusing on key actors such as China, Russia, the European Union, and the United States. Highlighting concerns over critical raw materials, it underscores the urgency of diversifying sources and building resilient energy systems. The study emphasises the importance of integrating social justice into energy policies, advocating for inclusive international cooperation to ensure a transition that is both environmentally sustainable and socially equitable.