“They make me see pictures”. La poesia di Stephen Crane tra arte verbale e cultura visuale

This essay explores Stephen Crane’s first volume of poetry, Th e Black Riders and Other Lines, as an aesthetic and cultural paradox of the American 1890s: a dense work where a contemporary and international vanguard movement of revolt and rejection in the visual and literary arts overlapped with a sacred tradition of firm achievements, accepted beliefs, and richly elaborated forms on Protestant soil. As such, Th e Black Riders stands as a striking example of the interaction of literature and visual culture. This is closely probed in two poems that enjoyed an original and arresting intersemiotic translation – two black and white designs by Mélanie Norton, a young woman artist whose “weirdly imaginative power” contributed to visualize the “unique imaginings” and the “enormous repudiations” of Crane’s work.