This thesis was designed on the basis of territorial needs that emerged during these years of PhD. The main aim is to understand how the Marche Region can face the post-earthquake scenario, using food and wine tourism as a resource for local recovery and what role the University of Macerata could have in this development process. It is structured as a collection of three papers with three different goals but connected to each other. The first aims to outline the characteristics of the Mediterranean Diet, starting from its etymology, describing the long road towards the international recognition of UNESCO in the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. It describes not only the dietary aspect as a lifestyle, but also the cultural aspect, trying to understand how the Mediterranean Diet can be a driving force for tourism. Two Italian examples of attempts to promote destinations based on intangible cultural heritage are discussed. The second paper analyses the role of food and gastronomy in expanding the tourism sector in the territory of Marche Region (Italy), hit by major earthquakes in 2016 and 2017. One of the first actions taken by individuals, municipalities, institutions and non-profit associations was to set up e-commerce initiatives to sell local food and wine products in order to support farms and businesses affected by the earthquake. Five e-commerce companies were interviewed to understand the level of involvement of local actors and the importance of food and gastronomy in the recovery phase. They indicated a need for more initiatives similar to these to promote sustainable development and proposed that the tourism sector could be drawn into a collaboration with food and wine producers and sellers, so as to offer consumers and tourists a more complete and typical experience of the Marche Region. Finally, they felt that the efforts of local communities must be supported by cooperation from the Regional and national government. The last one explores the role that the university can play in the process of collaboration with local stakeholders. First, a brief review of the literature points to the importance of university-business cooperation in developing knowledge and generating innovation, and the role of the universities in rural areas. Second, it describes the position of the University of Macerata, analyzing the case study of the European project FOODBIZ. Third, an Entrepreneurial Discovery Process focus group was developed to envision the kind of physical form the collaboration between the academic world and the business world might take on. With these three papers the thesis tried to demonstrate how stakeholder engagement, at the local level, is important for territorial development, in particular, in the case of post-disaster situations. Interviews have shown that during the reconstruction phase it’s important to have a long-term strategy and the coordination from the public sphere in order to achieve success, because managerial skills and professionalism are fundamental and the community can’t do it all on its own. The lack of a long-term strategy, in the case of the Marche Region, has led to the closure of some e-commerce companies that, focused only on the sale of food and wine products, have not thought to renew the sales offer in order to continue to keep the attention alive. Food and wine products have been considered an attraction for many places and destinations but, as demonstrated in the first study presented, around the sale of food and wine products, it is necessary to “sell a territory”, describing its peculiarities, proposing a unique offer, a tourist product full of all the aspects that characterize it. The “the Mediterranean Diet, could represent an important tourist “magnet” and a driver for value offers. In this way the Marche Region will have the opportunity to make itself known and to promote its natural, culinary, cultural and historical resources contributing to the revival of the economy following the earthquake. In this context the University of Macerata can contribute to local development and this is described and confirmed by several collaborations carried out during last years. In the last study it emerged the need for some local stakeholders to have a super partes body that acts as a facilitator at the local level in order to allow for greater cooperation and collaboration, identifying the University of Macerata as a ‘neutral’ organisation not involved in market competition and able to do this.
Questa tesi è stata elaborata sulla base delle esigenze territoriali emerse in questi anni di dottorato di ricerca. L’obiettivo principale è quello di capire come la Regione Marche può affrontare lo scenario post-terremoto, utilizzando il turismo enogastronomico come risorsa per la ripresa locale e quale ruolo potrebbe avere l’Università di Macerata in questo processo di sviluppo. È strutturato come una raccolta di tre documenti con tre diversi obiettivi connessi tra loro. Il primo mira a delineare le caratteristiche della Dieta Mediterranea, a partire dalla sua etimologia, descrivendo il lungo cammino verso il riconoscimento internazionale dell’UNESCO nella Lista del Patrimonio Culturale Immateriale dell’Umanità. Descrive non solo l’aspetto dietetico come stile di vita, ma anche l’aspetto culturale, cercando di capire come la Dieta Mediterranea possa essere una forza trainante per il turismo. Si discutono due esempi italiani di tentativi di promozione di destinazioni basate sul patrimonio culturale immateriale. Il secondo lavoro analizza il ruolo dell’ enogastronomia nell’espansione del settore turistico nel territorio della Regione Marche (Italia), colpito dai grandi terremoti del 2016 e del 2017. Una delle prime azioni intraprese da privati, comuni, istituzioni e associazioni senza scopo di lucro è stata la realizzazione di iniziative di e-commerce per la vendita di prodotti enogastronomici locali a sostegno delle aziende agricole e delle imprese colpite dal sisma. Sono state intervistate cinque aziende di e-commerce per comprendere il livello di coinvolgimento degli attori locali e l’importanza del cibo nella fase di ripresa. Hanno indicato la necessità di ulteriori iniziative simili per promuovere lo sviluppo sostenibile e hanno proposto di coinvolgere il settore turistico in una collaborazione con produttori e venditori di prodotti enogastronomici, per offrire ai consumatori e ai turisti un’esperienza più completa e tipica delle Marche. Infine, a loro avviso, gli sforzi delle comunità locali devono essere sostenuti dalla cooperazione della Regione e del governo nazionale. L’ultimo approfondisce il ruolo che l’università può svolgere nel processo di collaborazione con gli attori locali. In primo luogo, una breve rassegna della letteratura evidenzia l’importanza della cooperazione università-imprese per lo sviluppo della conoscenza e la generazione di innovazione e il ruolo delle università nelle aree rurali. In secondo luogo, descrive la posizione dell’Università di Macerata, analizzando il caso di studio del progetto europeo FOODBIZ. In terzo luogo, è stato sviluppato un focus group di Entrepreneurial Discovery Process per immaginare il tipo di forma fisica che la collaborazione tra il mondo accademico e il mondo delle imprese potrebbe assumere. Con questi tre lavori la tesi ha cercato di dimostrare come il coinvolgimento degli stakeholders, a livello locale, sia importante per lo sviluppo territoriale, in particolare nel caso di situazioni post-disastro. Le interviste hanno dimostrato che durante la fase di ricostruzione è importante avere una strategia a lungo termine e il coordinamento della sfera pubblica per raggiungere il successo, perché le capacità manageriali e la professionalità sono fondamentali e la comunità non può fare tutto da sola. La mancanza di una strategia di lungo periodo, nel caso della Regione Marche, ha portato alla chiusura di alcune aziende di e-commerce che, focalizzate solo sulla vendita di prodotti enogastronomici, non hanno pensato di rinnovare l’offerta di vendita per continuare a mantenere viva l’attenzione. I prodotti enogastronomici sono stati considerati un’attrazione per molti luoghi e destinazioni ma, come dimostra il primo studio presentato, intorno alla vendita di prodotti enogastronomici, è necessario “vendere un territorio”, descrivendone le peculiarità, proponendo un’offerta unica, un prodotto turistico ricco di tutti gli aspetti che lo caratterizzano. La Dieta Mediterranea, potrebbe rappresentare un’importante magnete turistico e motore di offerte di valore. In questo modo la Regione Marche avrà l’opportunità di farsi conoscere e di promuovere le proprie risorse naturali, culinarie, culturali e storiche che contribuiscono al rilancio dell'’economia dopo il terremoto. In questo contesto l’Università di Macerata può contribuire allo sviluppo locale e questo è descritto e confermato dalle numerose collaborazioni effettuate negli ultimi anni. Nell’ultimo studio è emersa la necessità da parte di alcuni stakeholders locali di avere un organismo super partes che agisca da facilitatore a livello locale per consentire una maggiore cooperazione e collaborazione, identificando l’Università di Macerata come un’organizzazione “neutrale” non coinvolta nella competizione di mercato e in grado di farlo.
Stakeholder engagement to set up tourism offer: university-business collaboration in Marche Region / Aleffi, Chiara. - ELETTRONICO. - (2020).
Stakeholder engagement to set up tourism offer: university-business collaboration in Marche Region
ALEFFI, Chiara
2020-01-01
Abstract
This thesis was designed on the basis of territorial needs that emerged during these years of PhD. The main aim is to understand how the Marche Region can face the post-earthquake scenario, using food and wine tourism as a resource for local recovery and what role the University of Macerata could have in this development process. It is structured as a collection of three papers with three different goals but connected to each other. The first aims to outline the characteristics of the Mediterranean Diet, starting from its etymology, describing the long road towards the international recognition of UNESCO in the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. It describes not only the dietary aspect as a lifestyle, but also the cultural aspect, trying to understand how the Mediterranean Diet can be a driving force for tourism. Two Italian examples of attempts to promote destinations based on intangible cultural heritage are discussed. The second paper analyses the role of food and gastronomy in expanding the tourism sector in the territory of Marche Region (Italy), hit by major earthquakes in 2016 and 2017. One of the first actions taken by individuals, municipalities, institutions and non-profit associations was to set up e-commerce initiatives to sell local food and wine products in order to support farms and businesses affected by the earthquake. Five e-commerce companies were interviewed to understand the level of involvement of local actors and the importance of food and gastronomy in the recovery phase. They indicated a need for more initiatives similar to these to promote sustainable development and proposed that the tourism sector could be drawn into a collaboration with food and wine producers and sellers, so as to offer consumers and tourists a more complete and typical experience of the Marche Region. Finally, they felt that the efforts of local communities must be supported by cooperation from the Regional and national government. The last one explores the role that the university can play in the process of collaboration with local stakeholders. First, a brief review of the literature points to the importance of university-business cooperation in developing knowledge and generating innovation, and the role of the universities in rural areas. Second, it describes the position of the University of Macerata, analyzing the case study of the European project FOODBIZ. Third, an Entrepreneurial Discovery Process focus group was developed to envision the kind of physical form the collaboration between the academic world and the business world might take on. With these three papers the thesis tried to demonstrate how stakeholder engagement, at the local level, is important for territorial development, in particular, in the case of post-disaster situations. Interviews have shown that during the reconstruction phase it’s important to have a long-term strategy and the coordination from the public sphere in order to achieve success, because managerial skills and professionalism are fundamental and the community can’t do it all on its own. The lack of a long-term strategy, in the case of the Marche Region, has led to the closure of some e-commerce companies that, focused only on the sale of food and wine products, have not thought to renew the sales offer in order to continue to keep the attention alive. Food and wine products have been considered an attraction for many places and destinations but, as demonstrated in the first study presented, around the sale of food and wine products, it is necessary to “sell a territory”, describing its peculiarities, proposing a unique offer, a tourist product full of all the aspects that characterize it. The “the Mediterranean Diet, could represent an important tourist “magnet” and a driver for value offers. In this way the Marche Region will have the opportunity to make itself known and to promote its natural, culinary, cultural and historical resources contributing to the revival of the economy following the earthquake. In this context the University of Macerata can contribute to local development and this is described and confirmed by several collaborations carried out during last years. In the last study it emerged the need for some local stakeholders to have a super partes body that acts as a facilitator at the local level in order to allow for greater cooperation and collaboration, identifying the University of Macerata as a ‘neutral’ organisation not involved in market competition and able to do this.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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