“Opposites” are intuitively and naturally understood and learnt. The extremely robust relationship between two opposites is a fundamental part of the mental lexicon in human cognitive organization. The reason for this special status has not yet been fully understood. In recent times there has been a shift of attention in psycholinguistic literature and researchers are now looking beyond old classifications towards new questions and new methods of studying this issue. This book proposes a further shift of perspective from language to the psychology of perception. Could it be that the special status of what has up to now been considered a linguistic or semantic relationship derives from the fact that contraries are grounded in deeper perceptual structures and motor processes? The book looks for evidence to prove this hypothesis, investigating the perceptual world widely in order to discover the conditions underlying the perception of two contrary objects, actions or properties. Many fields are explored, from the perception of space in laboratory conditions to the perception of space in ecological environments; from recognition of contrary visual patterns to the perception of reflections; from drawing contrary figures to making contrary gestures; from recognition of contrariety in music to the effect of contrariety in memory processes. The availability of a great deal of experimental data is obviously necessary for an empirical theory to be defined and for some rules to be established. The experiments carried out up to now and presented in the book, despite giving only a partial picture, have however led to some initial conclusions. They have proved that contrariety has a particular place in the set of perceptual relationships, alongside sameness, similarity and diversity and that it follows some basic perceptual rules. These rules regarding the recognition and production of contraries have emerged from the results of the many experiments presented. They constitute the perceptual laws or “principles” of contrariety and are listed and discussed at the end of the book.
The perception of Contraries.
BIANCHI, IVANA;
2008-01-01
Abstract
“Opposites” are intuitively and naturally understood and learnt. The extremely robust relationship between two opposites is a fundamental part of the mental lexicon in human cognitive organization. The reason for this special status has not yet been fully understood. In recent times there has been a shift of attention in psycholinguistic literature and researchers are now looking beyond old classifications towards new questions and new methods of studying this issue. This book proposes a further shift of perspective from language to the psychology of perception. Could it be that the special status of what has up to now been considered a linguistic or semantic relationship derives from the fact that contraries are grounded in deeper perceptual structures and motor processes? The book looks for evidence to prove this hypothesis, investigating the perceptual world widely in order to discover the conditions underlying the perception of two contrary objects, actions or properties. Many fields are explored, from the perception of space in laboratory conditions to the perception of space in ecological environments; from recognition of contrary visual patterns to the perception of reflections; from drawing contrary figures to making contrary gestures; from recognition of contrariety in music to the effect of contrariety in memory processes. The availability of a great deal of experimental data is obviously necessary for an empirical theory to be defined and for some rules to be established. The experiments carried out up to now and presented in the book, despite giving only a partial picture, have however led to some initial conclusions. They have proved that contrariety has a particular place in the set of perceptual relationships, alongside sameness, similarity and diversity and that it follows some basic perceptual rules. These rules regarding the recognition and production of contraries have emerged from the results of the many experiments presented. They constitute the perceptual laws or “principles” of contrariety and are listed and discussed at the end of the book.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
