This study originates from the intention to develop, within the tools for teaching Italian literature, an integrative approach that combines traditional methodologies - namely printed textbooks - with new digital content. This initiative contributed to the renewal of the online materials accompanying the textbooks for upper secondary schools published by Principato, part of the Eli Publishing Group. One of the reflections underlying the research project concerns the observation that one of the main difficulties students face is the ability to contextualize an author or historical event in time and space. Their study often ends up being reduced to a collection of basic information and biographical anecdotes. This issue is linked to the proliferation of knowledge sources and learning modalities among digital natives, the presence of methodological challenges in the teaching of literature, and evident limitations in the current digital offerings of school textbooks. In many cases, the supplementary digital materials merely reproduce online what is already contained in the printed book. This approach not only confines students to the passive role of readers or “spectators” of often fragmented digital content, but also fails to fully exploit the potential of digital media or to expand the content of the printed textbook, which forms the starting point of this research. The first part of the study focuses on a historical and legislative overview of the evolution of the school textbook, leading up to its digital transformation. It begins with an attempt to define the concept of the textbook and then examines the reforms that have significantly affected it: Gentile’s “policy of adjustments,” the Charter of the School, the fascistization and subsequent defascistization of textbooks, the introduction of the unified middle school, the Brocca reform, Decree 781/2013, and UNESCO guidelines. At the same time, the study describes the formation and transformations of the school publishing “geography,” with particular attention to the textbook production chain and to the development of the most recent publishing projects. Finally, it provides an overview of how the Covid-19 pandemic influenced teaching methodologies and the use of educational materials, together with a discussion of the opportunities and concerns expressed by teachers and students regarding Integrated Digital Learning. In a society in which the “onlife” paradigm significantly affects learning dynamics, is it still possible to remediate the temporality of linear writing and the reflective formation typical of the Gutenberg text within the “extended temporality” of digital media? The second chapter attempts to address this question by outlining the profile of the recipients of the digital revolution in education. It defines who digital natives are, examines the cognitive impact of new technological devices on them, analyzes their learning modalities - such as multitasking - and their ways of accessing information, and finally highlights how these differ from those of “digital immigrants”. This leads to the issue of the digital gap and to the importance and urgency of adequate digital education - meaning digital competence - for teachers, families, and students. The second part of the thesis focuses on learning objects. Starting from the history and theories of e-learning, it proceeds to define Information and Communication Technologies and their main characteristics through concepts such as granularity, immediacy, hypermediacy, remediation, and the notions of paratext, peritext, and hypertext. In addition to describing widely used tools such as the e-book, the study reviews several teaching and training practices, including the flipped classroom, courseware, Bring Your Own Device (BYOD), and the main learning environments, namely Learning Content Management Systems. The final part provides an overview of digital content design for educational publishing. It discusses design strategies such as User Experience, essential for creating effective and usable interfaces, and marketing strategies - including Benchmark Analysis and Blue Ocean Strategy - useful for understanding how to expand market space in highly competitive sectors. These reflections are then applied specifically to Italian literature textbooks for upper secondary schools published by Principato. Alongside the identification of the publisher’s main competitors, the study analyzes the most widespread types of supplementary digital content available on bSmart, the platform used for their distribution and use. Finally, the objective of reducing the temporal distance between students and the authors who shaped the history of literature - and therefore bringing students closer to the real and concrete life experiences of writers - led to the search for an online tool capable of enabling an interactive and multidimensional exploration of the literary landscape. The selected tool was StoryMaps ArcGIS, the web-based platform developed by Esri. Its application to literature teaching made it possible to create customized online geographical maps of two main types: place maps and interactive maps. The former allow users to follow authors’ lives diachronically and visually locate them in the places that marked their lives and influenced their literary production. The latter focus on specific literary periods and movements, as well as on themes identified within literary works, enabling a transversal and interdisciplinary analysis of topics that emerge from the past and extend into the present through paratextual connections. These aspects are discussed in the fifth chapter, together with the criteria used to select the authors and themes represented in the maps, as well as an overview of the tool’s characteristics, functions, modes of use, strengths, and limitations. The chapter also presents several use cases and experiments with additional tools such as StoryMap KnightLab and Timeline JS. The concluding section concerns research conducted at the Spanish publishing house Edinumen. It provides a summary of additional maps created using the Ediblocks platform. The results of this investigation also inform the future developments of the research, which aim to identify a tool capable of integrating the outcomes achieved with StoryMaps and those obtained through Ediblocks. The production of interactive geographical maps, therefore, far from constituting a mere extension of the printed textbook, represents a space in which students become active and conscious protagonists in the use of the tools and methods of their learning process. This approach encourages the integration of the traditional text with new digital tools within thematic and interdisciplinary pathways that promote dialogue between the works of past centuries and contemporary cultural expressions. Such a laboratory-based process of co-constructing knowledge fosters the understanding of the geo-historical and socio-cultural contexts of literary works, while also promoting the use of technology both as a resource and as a reflective challenge, enabling deeper engagement with the structures of texts and themes and supporting the development of digital competence, which is increasingly essential today.
Il presente studio prende avvio dalla volontà di realizzare, all’interno degli strumenti per la didattica della letteratura italiana, un’azione integrativa delle metodologie tradizionali, quindi i libri di testo cartacei, con i nuovi contenuti digitali, che ha confluito nel rinnovamento della proposta online dei manuali per la scuola secondaria di secondo grado della casa editrice Principato del Gruppo Editoriale Eli. Una delle riflessioni alla base del progetto di ricerca è la constatazione che spesso tra le maggiori difficoltà degli studenti vi è quella relativa alla capacità di contestualizzare nel tempo e nello spazio un autore o dato evento storico, il cui studio si riduce spesso a un insieme di mere informazioni e aneddoti biografici. A ciò, si associa la rilevazione di una proliferazione delle fonti della conoscenza e delle modalità di apprendimento dei nativi digitali, la presenza di alcuni ostacoli metodologici nella didattica della letteratura e quella di evidenti limiti nell’offerta digitale attuale dei libri per la scolastica, i cui contenuti digitali integrativi forniscono spesso una trasposizione all’interno delle piattaforme online di ciò che è già presente nel cartaceo. Questa dimensione, oltre a schiacciare lo studente in un ruolo di mero lettore o “spettatore” di quanto i contenuti digitali – spesso frammentari – riproducono, non sfrutta a pieno le potenzialità del digitale né implementa i contenuti del libro cartaceo, dal quale prende avvio la nostra speculazione. La prima parte dello studio si focalizza infatti su una ricognizione di natura storico-legislativa circa l’evoluzione del manuale scolastico, fino al suo approdo al digitale. Si inizia dal tentativo di fornire una definizione di libro di testo, per poi ripercorrere le riforme che su di esso hanno avuto ricadute significative: “la politica dei ritocchi” gentiliana, la Carta della scuola, la fascistizzazione e defascistizzazione dei libri di testo, la scuola media unica, la riforma Brocca, il Decreto 781/2013 e UNESCO. Parallelamente, si descrivono la formazione e i mutamenti della “geografia editoriale” scolastica, con particolare attenzione alla filiera del libro di testo, fino alla nascita dei progetti degli anni più recenti. Infine, viene fornito un quadro riassuntivo delle modalità in cui la pandemia da Covid-19 ha segnato le metodologie e la fruizione dei materiali scolastici, insieme a una panoramica sulle possibilità e i timori di docenti e studenti rispetto alla Didattica Digitale Integrata. In una società in cui il paradigma dell’“onlife” ha ricadute significative anche sulle dinamiche di apprendimento, è ancora possibile “ri-mediare” la temporalità della scrittura lineare e della formazione riflessiva del testo gutenberghiano inserendola all’interno della “temporalità estesa” dei media telematici? Si tenta di fornire una risposta a tale quesito nel secondo capitolo, che intende tracciare un profilo dei destinatari della rivoluzione digitale scolastica, definendo chi siano i digital natives, quale sia l’impatto cognitivo che i nuovi dispositivi tecnologici hanno su di essi, sulle loro modalità di apprendimento (multitasking) e di accesso alle informazioni e, infine, in che modo esse si differenziano da quelle degli “immigrati digitali”. Questo ci conduce al tema del digital gap, dell’importanza e l’urgenza di un’adeguata formazione al digitale – che significa anche competenza digitale – indirizzata alla classe docente, alle famiglie e agli studenti. Nella seconda parte della tesi si approda ai learning objects: dalla storia e le teorie dell’e-learning si giunge a definire le Tecnologie dell’Informazione e della Comunicazione e le loro principali caratteristiche, anche per mezzo dei concetti di granularità, immediatezza, ipermediatezza, rimediazione e quelli di paratesto, peritesto e ipertesto. Oltre alla descrizione di strumenti di uso diffuso come l’e-book, vengono ripercorse alcune pratiche didattiche e formative, come la flipped classroom, il courseware, il Bring Your Own Device, fino ai principali ambienti di apprendimento, quindi i Learning Content Management System. Nell’ultima parte, si fornisce una panoramica sulla progettazione dei contenuti digitali per l’editoria scolastica: si descrivono alcune strategie di design, come la User Experience, fondamentale per la realizzazione di un’interfaccia utente efficace in termini di usabilità, e di marketing (Benchmark analysis e Strategia Oceano Blu), utili per comprendere come ampliare il proprio spazio di mercato all’interno dei settori commerciali ad alto livello di competitività. Tali riflessioni vengono poi indirizzate, più in particolare, sui libri di testo di letteratura italiana per la scuola secondaria della casa editrice Principato: insieme all’individuazione dei suoi principali competitors, vengono analizzati i contenuti digitali integrativi maggiormente diffusi all’interno della realtà di bSmart, la piattaforma di inserimento e fruizione degli stessi. Infine, l’obiettivo di ridurre il divario temporale presente tra gli studenti e gli autori che hanno segnato la storia della letteratura, quindi avvicinarli quanto possibile alla reale e concreta esperienza esistenziale degli scrittori, ci ha condotti alla ricerca di uno strumento online che consentisse una fruizione interattiva e multidimensionale del paesaggio letterario. La scelta è ricaduta su StoryMaps ArcGIS, la piattaforma web-based di Esri, la cui applicazione e utilizzo nella didattica della letteratura ha consentito la creazione online di mappe geografiche personalizzate, principalmente di due tipi: le carte dei luoghi e le mappe interattive. Le prime permettono di percorrere diacronicamente e collocare visivamente gli autori nei luoghi che ne hanno scandito la vita e influenzato la produzione letteraria, mentre le seconde sono incentrate su alcuni periodi e movimenti letterari e su dei temi individuati all’interno delle opere, consentendo un’analisi trasversale e interdisciplinare di tematiche che dal passato affiorano fino ai giorni nostri, per mezzo di collegamenti para-testuali. Tali aspetti vengono illustrati nel quinto capitolo, insieme alla trattazione dei criteri che hanno guidato la selezione degli autori e dei temi delle mappe e alla ricognizione sulle caratteristiche, le funzionalità, le modalità di utilizzo, i punti di forza e di debolezza del tool, congiuntamente alla presentazione di alcuni casi d’uso, anche per mezzo della sperimentazione di altri strumenti, come StoryMap KnightLab e Timeline JS. La parte conclusiva concerne la ricerca condotta presso la casa editrice spagnola Edinumen: viene dunque fornita una sintesi relativa alla realizzazione di ulteriori mappe create, questa volta, per mezzo della piattaforma Ediblocks. I risultati di questa indagine convergono anche negli sviluppi futuri della ricerca, che contemplano il tentativo di individuazione di uno strumento in grado di fondere gli esiti raggiunti in StoryMaps con quelli di Ediblocks. La produzione di carte geografiche interattive, dunque, lungi dal costituire un mero prolungamento del libro cartaceo, coincide con uno spazio in cui gli studenti divengono finalmente protagonisti attivi e consapevoli degli strumenti e dei metodi del proprio percorso di apprendimento, che favorisce l’integrazione del testo tradizionalmente inteso e i nuovi strumenti digitali, all’interno di percorsi tematici e interdisciplinari che promuovono il confronto e il dialogo fra le opere dei secoli passati e le manifestazioni culturali dei giorni nostri. Tale processo laboratoriale di co-costruzione del sapere guida la comprensione dei contesti geo-storici e socioculturali delle opere letterarie, contemplando l’utilizzo della tecnologia come risorsa e al contempo come sfida riflessiva, la penetrazione nelle strutture più profonde dei testi e dei temi e lo sviluppo della competenza digitale, oggi quanto più necessaria.
Analisi dei nuovi strumenti per la didattica della letteratura italiana e progettazione di cartografie digitali interattive / Benigni, S.. - (2026 May 22).
Analisi dei nuovi strumenti per la didattica della letteratura italiana e progettazione di cartografie digitali interattive
Benigni, S.
2026-05-22
Abstract
This study originates from the intention to develop, within the tools for teaching Italian literature, an integrative approach that combines traditional methodologies - namely printed textbooks - with new digital content. This initiative contributed to the renewal of the online materials accompanying the textbooks for upper secondary schools published by Principato, part of the Eli Publishing Group. One of the reflections underlying the research project concerns the observation that one of the main difficulties students face is the ability to contextualize an author or historical event in time and space. Their study often ends up being reduced to a collection of basic information and biographical anecdotes. This issue is linked to the proliferation of knowledge sources and learning modalities among digital natives, the presence of methodological challenges in the teaching of literature, and evident limitations in the current digital offerings of school textbooks. In many cases, the supplementary digital materials merely reproduce online what is already contained in the printed book. This approach not only confines students to the passive role of readers or “spectators” of often fragmented digital content, but also fails to fully exploit the potential of digital media or to expand the content of the printed textbook, which forms the starting point of this research. The first part of the study focuses on a historical and legislative overview of the evolution of the school textbook, leading up to its digital transformation. It begins with an attempt to define the concept of the textbook and then examines the reforms that have significantly affected it: Gentile’s “policy of adjustments,” the Charter of the School, the fascistization and subsequent defascistization of textbooks, the introduction of the unified middle school, the Brocca reform, Decree 781/2013, and UNESCO guidelines. At the same time, the study describes the formation and transformations of the school publishing “geography,” with particular attention to the textbook production chain and to the development of the most recent publishing projects. Finally, it provides an overview of how the Covid-19 pandemic influenced teaching methodologies and the use of educational materials, together with a discussion of the opportunities and concerns expressed by teachers and students regarding Integrated Digital Learning. In a society in which the “onlife” paradigm significantly affects learning dynamics, is it still possible to remediate the temporality of linear writing and the reflective formation typical of the Gutenberg text within the “extended temporality” of digital media? The second chapter attempts to address this question by outlining the profile of the recipients of the digital revolution in education. It defines who digital natives are, examines the cognitive impact of new technological devices on them, analyzes their learning modalities - such as multitasking - and their ways of accessing information, and finally highlights how these differ from those of “digital immigrants”. This leads to the issue of the digital gap and to the importance and urgency of adequate digital education - meaning digital competence - for teachers, families, and students. The second part of the thesis focuses on learning objects. Starting from the history and theories of e-learning, it proceeds to define Information and Communication Technologies and their main characteristics through concepts such as granularity, immediacy, hypermediacy, remediation, and the notions of paratext, peritext, and hypertext. In addition to describing widely used tools such as the e-book, the study reviews several teaching and training practices, including the flipped classroom, courseware, Bring Your Own Device (BYOD), and the main learning environments, namely Learning Content Management Systems. The final part provides an overview of digital content design for educational publishing. It discusses design strategies such as User Experience, essential for creating effective and usable interfaces, and marketing strategies - including Benchmark Analysis and Blue Ocean Strategy - useful for understanding how to expand market space in highly competitive sectors. These reflections are then applied specifically to Italian literature textbooks for upper secondary schools published by Principato. Alongside the identification of the publisher’s main competitors, the study analyzes the most widespread types of supplementary digital content available on bSmart, the platform used for their distribution and use. Finally, the objective of reducing the temporal distance between students and the authors who shaped the history of literature - and therefore bringing students closer to the real and concrete life experiences of writers - led to the search for an online tool capable of enabling an interactive and multidimensional exploration of the literary landscape. The selected tool was StoryMaps ArcGIS, the web-based platform developed by Esri. Its application to literature teaching made it possible to create customized online geographical maps of two main types: place maps and interactive maps. The former allow users to follow authors’ lives diachronically and visually locate them in the places that marked their lives and influenced their literary production. The latter focus on specific literary periods and movements, as well as on themes identified within literary works, enabling a transversal and interdisciplinary analysis of topics that emerge from the past and extend into the present through paratextual connections. These aspects are discussed in the fifth chapter, together with the criteria used to select the authors and themes represented in the maps, as well as an overview of the tool’s characteristics, functions, modes of use, strengths, and limitations. The chapter also presents several use cases and experiments with additional tools such as StoryMap KnightLab and Timeline JS. The concluding section concerns research conducted at the Spanish publishing house Edinumen. It provides a summary of additional maps created using the Ediblocks platform. The results of this investigation also inform the future developments of the research, which aim to identify a tool capable of integrating the outcomes achieved with StoryMaps and those obtained through Ediblocks. The production of interactive geographical maps, therefore, far from constituting a mere extension of the printed textbook, represents a space in which students become active and conscious protagonists in the use of the tools and methods of their learning process. This approach encourages the integration of the traditional text with new digital tools within thematic and interdisciplinary pathways that promote dialogue between the works of past centuries and contemporary cultural expressions. Such a laboratory-based process of co-constructing knowledge fosters the understanding of the geo-historical and socio-cultural contexts of literary works, while also promoting the use of technology both as a resource and as a reflective challenge, enabling deeper engagement with the structures of texts and themes and supporting the development of digital competence, which is increasingly essential today.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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BENIGNI_Tesi.pdf
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Descrizione: Analisi dei nuovi strumenti per la didattica della letteratura italiana e progettazione di cartografie digitali interattive
Tipologia:
Tesi di dottorato
Licenza:
Creative commons
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8.64 MB
Formato
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