Stakeholder engagement: actionable or symbolic lever? Reflections on barriers to involvement

"Stakeholder involvement represents an evolved strategic approach, widely highlighted as an expression of openness and inclusiveness of organizations. However, stakeholder engagement processes and outcomes often reveal substantial issues and a lack of effectiveness. The work raises questions on how to activate this lever as a multiplier of plural value and aims to formulate possible answers based on the analysis of both the theoretical background and the reflections of specifically involved experts. An interpretative model is then formulated to enhance awareness of the barriers to engagement and to promote debate on how to overcome them" (p. 135).