The research and thesis work on the representations of the phenomenon of poverty are born within the research areas addressed during the years preceding the PhD course. The interest in the social phenomena that distinguish contemporary society, marking it in many aspects requires particular attention also for what concerns pedagogy and education. Among the most interesting aspects, the phenomenon of poverty seems to be a particularly complex and critical element of contemporaneity. The research wanted to investigate the phenomenon by comparing it with the strategies of pedagogy, translating it into cultural, personal, social and political aspects, following paths that go beyond the more purely economic aspects. The research aimed to investigate the aspects that most determine poverty in the Italian context. First of all it was necessary to address the issue trying to provide a historical-social scenario of the phenomenon, outlining the strategies and conceptualizations that this has faced in the course of history, even in the most recent one. Understanding poverty necessarily made use of a comparison of the data that ISTAT provides annually on the national situation. Subsequently, the attempt to describe the new declinations that the phenomenon takes on faced the new forms of poverty by putting them in correlation with the most significant aspects of the quality of life, highlighting their criticalities and social implications. At a later stage it was necessary to understand which aspects of education are subject to strong changes in global society since contemporaneity and the speed of transformation undermine educational practices in many respects. Highlighting educational criticalities allows us to lay the theoretical foundations to start addressing the aspects that, on the other hand, distinguish the phenomenon of poverty by placing the subject at the center with his resources and abilities. The attempt looks in the direction of a possible alternative approach to understanding and poverty, not only in terms of overcoming the state of need, but rather towards an understanding of a cultural reality with which to enter into a relationship and of which, often, we do not understand and know the personal and social difficulties. In this sense, it was appropriate to present strategies that have already been introduced in contexts that are not only national, trying to focus attention on those practices, including theoretical ones, that most affect pedagogy. Subsequently, the research has placed at the center of his interest the elements that may most interest the subject in a situation of poverty. The main objective was to try an educational approach that goes in the direction of the resources already in the possession of the individual and not in an attempt to design strategies in the direction of the shortcomings he possesses. In this direction, the research has addressed a particular dimension of society, that linked to the fear of deprivation. This appears to be a fundamental element for the construction and re-definition of poverty in more pedagogical terms since it affects the whole of society and not just those who, at that moment, find themselves living in a situation of poverty. The observations and progressive theoretical reconstructions have made it possible to develop a possible scenario for interpreting poverty, not excluding the economic aspects, but attributing less importance to these. In support of the thesis the international experiences in Kenya, at the Pwani University, and in Cuba, Universidad de La Habana, have contributed to the construction of possible and alternative scenarios for interpreting the phenomenon. The comparison with realities that are profoundly different from ours and, at the same time, different from each other have contributed to the approach with an alternative look. On the one hand, the African experience has allowed the comparison both with the academic environment and with the subjects present in the territory, on the other hand, in Cuba, the period spent at the university through meetings with different teachers contributed to the definition of a possible alternative both theoretical and practical of the actions towards the phenomenon of poverty. In the case of the collaboration with the Universidad de La Habana, the recent global health situation has prevented a second experience in the country where the research would have been enriched with an experience of educational practices by collaborating with the state body FLACSO going to act in extra-urban contexts a direct contact with the people who live in these places. This has profoundly characterized the research, depriving it of both theoretical and, in particular, practical and tangible support. However, the research was able to outline possible theoretical-practical scenarios which, first of all, start from a different definition of the phenomenon of poverty and of the subject that is part of it. The objective of this research is to deepen and understand more and more feasible and possible scenarios, continuing a research in the field both in national and international terms.
La ricerca e il lavoro di tesi sulle rappresentazioni del fenomeno della povertà nascono all’interno degli ambiti di ricerca affrontati durante gli anni precedenti al corso di dottorato. L’interesse per i fenomeni sociali che contraddistinguono la società contemporanea segnandola in molteplici aspetti necessitano di un’attenzione particolare anche per ciò che riguarda la pedagogia e l’educazione. Tra gli aspetti più interessanti, il fenomeno della povertà sembra essere un elemento particolarmente complesso e critico della contemporaneità. La ricerca ha voluto indagare il fenomeno ponendolo a confronto con strategie proprie della pedagogia, traducendolo in aspetti culturali, personali, sociali e politici, percorrendo strade che vadano al di là degli aspetti più squisitamente economici. La ricerca ha voluto approfondire gli aspetti che più determinano la povertà nel contesto italiano. Anzitutto è stato doveroso affrontare il tema cercando di fornire uno scenario storico-sociale del fenomeno, delineando le strategie e le concettualizzazioni che questo ha affrontato nel corso della storia, anche di quella più recente. La comprensione delle povertà si è avvalsa necessariamente di una comparazione dei dai che l’ISTAT fornisce annualmente della situazione nazionale. Successivamente, il tentativo di descrivere le nuove declinazioni che assume il fenomeno ha affrontato le nuove povertà mettendole in correlazione con gli aspetti più significativi della qualità di vita, evidenziandone le criticità e le implicazioni sociali. In un secondo momento era doveroso comprendere quali aspetti dell’educazione siano soggetti a forti cambiamenti nella società globale poiché la contemporaneità e la velocità di trasformazione minano le pratiche educative sotto molteplici aspetti. Evidenziare le criticità educative permette di porre le basi teoriche per iniziare ad affrontare gli aspetti che, invece, contraddistinguono il fenomeno della povertà ponendo al centro il soggetto con le sue risorse e capacità. Il tentativo volge lo sguardo in direzione di un possibile approccio alternativo alla comprensione e alla povertà, non solo in termini di superamento dello stato di bisogno, quanto, piuttosto, verso una comprensione di una realtà culturale con la quale entrare in relazione e di cui, spesso, non comprendiamo e conosciamo le difficoltà personali e sociali. In questo senso è stato opportuno presentare delle strategie già introdotte in contesti non solo nazionali, cercando di porre l’attenzione su quelle pratiche, anche teoriche, che maggiormente interessano la pedagogia. Successivamente, la ricerca ha posto al centro del suo interesse gli elementi che maggiormente possono interessare il soggetto in situazione di povertà. Obiettivo principale era tentare un approccio educativo che vada in direzione delle risorse già in possesso dell’individuo e non nel tentativo di disegnare strategie in direzione delle mancanze che possiede. In questa direzione la ricerca ha affrontato una dimensione particolare propria delle società, quella legata alla paura della deprivazione. Questo appare essere un elemento fondamentale per la costruzione e ri-definizione della povertà in termini più pedagogici poiché interessa tutta la società e non solo chi, in quel momento, si trova a vivere in situazione di povertà. Le osservazioni e le progressive ricostruzioni teoriche hanno permesso di elaborare un possibile scenario di interpretazione delle povertà, non escludendo gli aspetti economici, ma attribuendo a questi un’importanza minore. A sostegno della tesi le esperienze internazionali in Kenya, presso la Pwani University, e a Cuba, Universidad de La Habana, hanno contribuito alla costruzione di scenari possibili e alternativi di interpretazione del fenomeno. Il confronto con realtà profondamente diverse dalla nostra e, allo stesso tempo, differenti tra loro hanno contribuito all’approccio con uno sguardo alternativo. Da un lato l’esperienza africana ha permesso il confronto tanto con l’ambiente accademico che con i soggetti presenti sul territorio, dall’altro, a Cuba, il periodo passato in università attraverso incontri con differenti docenti hanno contribuito alla definizione di una possibile alternativa tanto teorica quanto pratica delle azioni nei confronti del fenomeno della povertà. Nel caso della collaborazione con la Universidad de La Habana, la recente situazione sanitaria globale ha impedito una seconda esperienza nel Paese dove la ricerca si sarebbe arricchita di un’esperienza di pratiche educative collaborando con l’ente statale FLACSO andando ad agire in contesti extraurbani a diretto contatto con i soggetti che vivono questi luoghi. Questo ha profondamente contraddistinto la ricerca, privandola di un supporto tanto teorico quanto, in modo particolare, pratico e tangibile. Tuttavia, la ricerca ha potuto delineare degli scenari teorico-pratici possibili che, anzitutto, partono da una definizione altra del fenomeno della povertà e del soggetto che ne fa parte. È obiettivo di questa ricerca approfondire e comprendere sempre più approfonditamente gli scenari percorribili e possibili, continuando una ricerca sul campo sia in termini nazionali che internazionali.
RAPPRESENTAZIONI DEL DISAGIO E INTERVENTI EDUCATIVI CONDIZIONI E RISORSE DELLE FAMIGLIE ITALIANE E STRANIERE / Manca, Marco. - ELETTRONICO. - (2021).
RAPPRESENTAZIONI DEL DISAGIO E INTERVENTI EDUCATIVI CONDIZIONI E RISORSE DELLE FAMIGLIE ITALIANE E STRANIERE
MANCA MARCO
2021-01-01
Abstract
The research and thesis work on the representations of the phenomenon of poverty are born within the research areas addressed during the years preceding the PhD course. The interest in the social phenomena that distinguish contemporary society, marking it in many aspects requires particular attention also for what concerns pedagogy and education. Among the most interesting aspects, the phenomenon of poverty seems to be a particularly complex and critical element of contemporaneity. The research wanted to investigate the phenomenon by comparing it with the strategies of pedagogy, translating it into cultural, personal, social and political aspects, following paths that go beyond the more purely economic aspects. The research aimed to investigate the aspects that most determine poverty in the Italian context. First of all it was necessary to address the issue trying to provide a historical-social scenario of the phenomenon, outlining the strategies and conceptualizations that this has faced in the course of history, even in the most recent one. Understanding poverty necessarily made use of a comparison of the data that ISTAT provides annually on the national situation. Subsequently, the attempt to describe the new declinations that the phenomenon takes on faced the new forms of poverty by putting them in correlation with the most significant aspects of the quality of life, highlighting their criticalities and social implications. At a later stage it was necessary to understand which aspects of education are subject to strong changes in global society since contemporaneity and the speed of transformation undermine educational practices in many respects. Highlighting educational criticalities allows us to lay the theoretical foundations to start addressing the aspects that, on the other hand, distinguish the phenomenon of poverty by placing the subject at the center with his resources and abilities. The attempt looks in the direction of a possible alternative approach to understanding and poverty, not only in terms of overcoming the state of need, but rather towards an understanding of a cultural reality with which to enter into a relationship and of which, often, we do not understand and know the personal and social difficulties. In this sense, it was appropriate to present strategies that have already been introduced in contexts that are not only national, trying to focus attention on those practices, including theoretical ones, that most affect pedagogy. Subsequently, the research has placed at the center of his interest the elements that may most interest the subject in a situation of poverty. The main objective was to try an educational approach that goes in the direction of the resources already in the possession of the individual and not in an attempt to design strategies in the direction of the shortcomings he possesses. In this direction, the research has addressed a particular dimension of society, that linked to the fear of deprivation. This appears to be a fundamental element for the construction and re-definition of poverty in more pedagogical terms since it affects the whole of society and not just those who, at that moment, find themselves living in a situation of poverty. The observations and progressive theoretical reconstructions have made it possible to develop a possible scenario for interpreting poverty, not excluding the economic aspects, but attributing less importance to these. In support of the thesis the international experiences in Kenya, at the Pwani University, and in Cuba, Universidad de La Habana, have contributed to the construction of possible and alternative scenarios for interpreting the phenomenon. The comparison with realities that are profoundly different from ours and, at the same time, different from each other have contributed to the approach with an alternative look. On the one hand, the African experience has allowed the comparison both with the academic environment and with the subjects present in the territory, on the other hand, in Cuba, the period spent at the university through meetings with different teachers contributed to the definition of a possible alternative both theoretical and practical of the actions towards the phenomenon of poverty. In the case of the collaboration with the Universidad de La Habana, the recent global health situation has prevented a second experience in the country where the research would have been enriched with an experience of educational practices by collaborating with the state body FLACSO going to act in extra-urban contexts a direct contact with the people who live in these places. This has profoundly characterized the research, depriving it of both theoretical and, in particular, practical and tangible support. However, the research was able to outline possible theoretical-practical scenarios which, first of all, start from a different definition of the phenomenon of poverty and of the subject that is part of it. The objective of this research is to deepen and understand more and more feasible and possible scenarios, continuing a research in the field both in national and international terms.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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