Il presente lavoro nasce con l’obiettivo primario dello studio organico del teatro romano della città di Pollentia-Urbs Salvia. Sebbene infatti sulla città e sui suoi principali monumenti esista un’ampia letteratura e rilevanti contributi recenti, ancora sostanzialmente inedito sin dalle prime indagini scientifiche condottevi a partire dalla metà del secolo scorso, rimaneva proprio l’edificio teatrale. Questo, quale monumento chiave nell’ambito dell’urbanistica della città tardo-repubblicana e augustea ed è oggetto infatti, nel corso degli anni, di brevi cenni e di contributi parziali ma mai esclusivi. Un nuovo rilievo del monumento ha consentito di chiarirne la genesi e l’esistenza di diverse fasi architettoniche giungendo alla precisazione cronologica di quattro diverse fasi edilizie. Una prima fase relativa all’impianto dell’edificio originario inquadrabile tra la fine dell’età tardo-repubblicana, contestualmente alla fondazione della colonia e il 23 d.C., anno entro il quale, come documentata dall’epigrafe di C. Fufius Geminus, il primo teatro dovette essere completato. Una seconda fase inquadrabile orientativamente tra l’età tiberiana e l’età claudia che, in concomitanza con la costruzione dell’imponente complesso del tempio-criptoportico - conclusione monumentale della risistemazione urbanistica della città avviatasi in età augustea -, vede il massiccio intervento di ampliamento strutturale e planimetrico dell’edificio; una terza ed ultima fase in età domizianea che, come documentato anche dall’epigrafe di C. Salvius Liberalis e C. Salvius Vitellianus, è contrassegnata da una serie di interventi di ornamento e restauro e, soprattutto, dalla costruzione del piazzale porticato restrospiciente l’edificio stesso. Sulla base dell’inquadramento cronologico di una parte delle sculture provenienti dal teatro a tale fase pare verosimile ipotizzare sia seguita, in età adrianea-antonina, un’ulteriore fase forse dedita all’abbellimento della ornamentazione dell’edificio. Con l’obiettivo di una comprensione organica del monumento si è infine proceduto all’esame dei materiali architettonici, scultorei ed epigrafici da esso provenienti. Il lavoro di raccolta e censimento svolto sui materiali provenienti dai vecchi scavi effettuati ha messo in evidenza la dispersione, per alterne vicende, di gran parte del materiale e l’inevitabile decontestualizzazione del restante e reso necessaria un’analisi di tipo essenzialmente archivistico e bibliografico, focalizzata soprattutto sul consistente apparato scultoreo ritenuto appartenente all’edificio, finalizzata ad istituire nuovamente la connessione tra contesto di provenienza e documentazione d’archivio. Sebbene solo in casi isolati, ed esclusivamente per le sculture, sia stato possibile giungere ad ipotizzare la collocazione precisa di taluni elementi nell’ambito dell’edificio stesso, l’indagine effettuata sugli elementi ornamentali ed epigrafici è risultata di fondamentale importanza per meglio definire e sostanziare le diverse fasi edilizie e di ristrutturazione individuate ed all’interno delle quali gli stessi materiali sembrano trovare oggi una più adeguata collocazione cronologica e stilistica
This work has the primary objective of the organic study of the Roman theater of the city of Pollentia-Urbs Salvia. Although in fact an extensive literature and significant recent contributions already exists about the monument, it remained still basically unpublished since the first scientific investigations conducted since the middle of the last century. This is a key monument in the of the late-republican and august city and it is in fact, over the years, subject to brief notes and partial but never exclusive contributions. A new survey of the monument has made it possible to clarify the origin and the existence of different architectural phases and to specify four different building phases. A first phase relating to the original building structure between the end of the late-republican period, at the time of the foundation of the colony and 23 AD, the year in which, as documented by the epigraph of C. Fufius Geminus, the first theater had to be completed. A second phase framed according to the Tiberian and the claudian age, which, in conjunction with the construction of the temple-cryptoportic complex - a monumental conclusion of the town's urbanization started in the Augustan era - sees the massive expansion structural and planimetric of the building. A third and last phase dated in the Domizian age, which, as documented by the epigraph of C. Salvius Liberalis and C. Salvius Vitellianus, is marked by a series of ornamentation and restoration works and, above all, by the construction of the portico square behind the building itself. With the aim of an organic understanding of the monument the architectural, sculptural and epigraphic materials that came from it has been finally examinated. The work of collecting carried out on the materials from the old excavations has highlighted the dispersion of much of the material and the inevitable decontestionalization of the remaining material, and made it necessary an essentially archival and bibliographic analysis, focussed above all on the substantial sculptural apparatus considered to be part of the theatre, aimed at re-establishing the connection between the context of origin and archive documentation. Although only in isolated cases, and exclusively for sculptures, it was possible to speculate on the exact location of certain elements within the building itself, the survey of ornamental and epigraphic elements was of fundamental importance in order to better define and to embody the different stages of building and refurbishment identified and within which the same materials seem to find today a more appropriate chronological and stylistic location.
IL TEATRO ROMANO DI POLLENTIA-URBS SALVIA / Cingolani, Sofia. - CD-ROM. - (2018).
IL TEATRO ROMANO DI POLLENTIA-URBS SALVIA
Sofia CINGOLANI
2018-01-01
Abstract
This work has the primary objective of the organic study of the Roman theater of the city of Pollentia-Urbs Salvia. Although in fact an extensive literature and significant recent contributions already exists about the monument, it remained still basically unpublished since the first scientific investigations conducted since the middle of the last century. This is a key monument in the of the late-republican and august city and it is in fact, over the years, subject to brief notes and partial but never exclusive contributions. A new survey of the monument has made it possible to clarify the origin and the existence of different architectural phases and to specify four different building phases. A first phase relating to the original building structure between the end of the late-republican period, at the time of the foundation of the colony and 23 AD, the year in which, as documented by the epigraph of C. Fufius Geminus, the first theater had to be completed. A second phase framed according to the Tiberian and the claudian age, which, in conjunction with the construction of the temple-cryptoportic complex - a monumental conclusion of the town's urbanization started in the Augustan era - sees the massive expansion structural and planimetric of the building. A third and last phase dated in the Domizian age, which, as documented by the epigraph of C. Salvius Liberalis and C. Salvius Vitellianus, is marked by a series of ornamentation and restoration works and, above all, by the construction of the portico square behind the building itself. With the aim of an organic understanding of the monument the architectural, sculptural and epigraphic materials that came from it has been finally examinated. The work of collecting carried out on the materials from the old excavations has highlighted the dispersion of much of the material and the inevitable decontestionalization of the remaining material, and made it necessary an essentially archival and bibliographic analysis, focussed above all on the substantial sculptural apparatus considered to be part of the theatre, aimed at re-establishing the connection between the context of origin and archive documentation. Although only in isolated cases, and exclusively for sculptures, it was possible to speculate on the exact location of certain elements within the building itself, the survey of ornamental and epigraphic elements was of fundamental importance in order to better define and to embody the different stages of building and refurbishment identified and within which the same materials seem to find today a more appropriate chronological and stylistic location.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Sofia Cingolani_Teatro romano di Pollentia Urbs Salvia.pdf
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